Vol. 6 No. 01 (2025)
Articles

Antibiotic Resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Iraq: A Narrative Review

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  • Nawfal R Hussein,
  • Halder J Abozait,
  • Ibrahim A Naqid,
  • Razvan Loqman Yasen
Nawfal R Hussein
Department of Biomedical sciences, College of Medicine, University of Zakho, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
Halder J Abozait
Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Duhok, Duhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
Ibrahim A Naqid
Department of Biomedical sciences, College of Medicine, University of Zakho, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
Razvan Loqman Yasen
Department of medical education development, College of Medicine, University of Zakho, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
DOI: https://doi.org/10.38094/jlbsr601154

Published 2025-06-23

Keywords

  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa,
  • Antibiotic resistance,
  • ESBL,
  • MBL,
  • Iraq

How to Cite

Hussein, N., Abozait, H., Naqid, I., & Yasen, R. (2025). Antibiotic Resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Iraq: A Narrative Review. Journal of Life and Bio Sciences Research , 6(01), 55 - 63. https://doi.org/10.38094/jlbsr601154

Copyright (c) 2025

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

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Abstract

Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a Gram-negative bacterium, causes a range of infections, including those affecting the skin and soft tissues, pneumonia, and sepsis. Its significance lies in its capacity to develop resistance to numerous antibiotic classes. In Iraq, infections caused by Pseudomonas are prevalent, especially within healthcare settings. Studies indicate a concerning level of antibiotic resistance in this microorganism. Information regarding the genetic basis of this resistance is limited in Iraq, with existing research typically involving small sample sizes. The growing resistance to ?-lactams in Iraq is a serious concern, especially the extended-spectrum ?-lactamases (ESBLs). Metallo-?-lactamases (MBLs) such as VIM and NDM are causing a rise in the resistance to carbapenems. The limited data about the resistance patterns to quinolones and aminoglycosides is another barrier. The high prevalence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa combined with limited data on its resistance pathways in Iraq highlights the need for continued surveillance, stronger infection control measures, and the development of more targeted treatment options to address this challenging pathogen.

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